An obstetric fistula is a devastating medical condition resulting from difficult childbirth, creating unwanted passageways within the body that can severely impact a woman’s life.

Causes

Women who become pregnant at a young age, or are small-statured due to malnutrition are at higher risk for complicated childbirths. Contributing factors include:

• Early pregnancy before physical maturity
• Limited access to emergency medical care
• Prolonged obstructed labor
• Lack of access to cesarean sections
• Malnutrition affecting physical development

Physical Effects

• Infant mortality during prolonged labor
• Chronic incontinence and hygiene issues
• Ulceration and damage around genital area
• “Foot drop” condition affecting mobility
• Chronic infections and health complications

Social Impact

• Social isolation and stigma within communities
• Abandonment by family and spouses
• Economic hardship and loss of livelihood
• Limited access to social support systems
• Psychological trauma and depression

Treatment Options

Treatment success rates exceed 90% with proper medical care. Key aspects include:

• Surgical repair by trained specialists
• Post-operative care and recovery support
• Physical therapy when needed
• Psychological support and counseling
• Community reintegration programs